Understanding Division

Division helps us answer: How many times does one number fit into another?
It starts with two numbers:

  • Dividend – the number to be divided (here: 180)
  • Divisor – the number you divide by (here: 4)

So when we ask:

What is 180 divided by 4?

We’re dividing the dividend 180 by the divisor 4.

Short Division Method

Short division is a quick way to divide when:

  • The divisor is less than 10
  • The dividend is 10× or more than the divisor

Why short?

It’s faster than long division because you divide digit-by-digit without writing down all the subtractions.

Step-by-Step: $180 \div 4$

Step 1: Divide 4 into 1

$$ 1 \div 4 = 0 \quad \text{remainder } 1 $$

Write $0$, carry the $1$ to make $18$.

Step 2: Divide 4 into 18

$$ 18 \div 4 = 4 \quad \text{remainder } 2 $$

Write $4$, carry the $2$ to make $20$.

Step 3: Divide 4 into 20

$$ 20 \div 4 = 5 \quad \text{no remainder} $$

Write $5$.

Final Answer

Combining all digits above the dividend:

$$ \boxed{180 \div 4 = 45} $$

Check Your Answer

Multiply the quotient by the divisor:

$$ 45 \times 4 = 180 $$

✅ The answer matches the dividend.

Summary

To divide $180$ by $4$ using short division:

  1. Work left to right, dividing digit by digit.
  2. Carry any remainders to the next digit.
  3. Your final answer is the full quotient.

So: $$ \boxed{180 \div 4 = 45} $$