How can you find all the prime factors of a number quickly and easily?

The fastest way to find all the prime factors of a number is to start with the first prime number (2), then keep dividing until you’re left with only prime numbers.

For example, for the number 64 the prime factorization is:

$$ 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 2 = 64 $$


Find Prime Factors of 64

Let’s go step-by-step:

  1. Start with 64

  2. Divide by 2:

    $$ \frac{64}{2} = 32 $$

    ➡️ Add 2 to the list.

  3. Divide again:

    $$ \frac{32}{2} = 16 $$

    ➡️ Add 2.

  4. Again:

    $$ \frac{16}{2} = 8 $$

    ➡️ Add 2.

  5. Continue:

    $$ \frac{8}{2} = 4 $$

    ➡️ Add 2.

  6. Then:

    $$ \frac{4}{2} = 2 $$

    ➡️ Add 2.

  7. Finally:

    $$ \frac{2}{2} = 1 $$

    ➡️ Add 2 and stop.


Prime Factor List

The prime factors of 64 are:

$$ 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 2 $$

✔️ To verify:

$$ 2^6 = 64 $$


Summary

To perform a prime factorization:

  • Start at 2 and divide repeatedly
  • Add each divisor to your factor list
  • Stop when the quotient is 1

So for 64, we get:

$$ 2^6 = 64 $$

The prime factor list is: 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2

Memorizing prime numbers up to 20 can speed up this process.